01 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Grease a standard 12-cup muffin tin generously with olive oil or nonstick cooking spray.
02 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, instant yeast, and salt until thoroughly blended.
03 - Pour warm water and olive oil into the dry mixture. Using a spatula or wooden spoon, stir until a sticky, shaggy dough forms.
04 - Fold in chopped rosemary, minced garlic, and black pepper. Mix until evenly distributed throughout the dough.
05 - Divide dough equally among the 12 muffin cups, filling each about three-quarters full. Brush or drizzle tops with additional olive oil. Garnish with extra rosemary and flaky sea salt if using.
06 - Cover loosely with a clean kitchen towel. Place in a warm, draft-free area for 20 minutes until dough puffs slightly.
07 - Bake for 18 to 20 minutes until tops are golden brown and muffins sound hollow when tapped gently.
08 - Allow muffins to rest in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.